2025

In accordance with Practice Note No 1/2020, this memorandum of reasons is a brief statement of the reasons for which the court made its decision. It has been issued by the registrar to the parties to the matter as well as to the court or tribunal below and has been placed on the court’s website for the information of the profession and the public as to the result. Given its nature, this memorandum of reasons is not intended to carry any weight as a precedent, save in respect of the actual order which was made in the particular matter to which it relates.

In accordance with Practice Note No 1/2020, this memorandum of reasons is a brief statement of the reasons for which the court made its decision. It has been issued by the registrar to the parties to the matter as well as to the court or tribunal below and has been placed on the court’s website for the information of the profession and the public as to the result. Given its nature, this memorandum of reasons is not intended to carry any weight as a precedent, save in respect of the actual order which was made in the particular matter to which it relates.